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Copyright 1998-2004. Laurence C. Hatch. All Rights Reserved.
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NOMENCLATURE NOTE: Cultivars under f. purpurea, f. laciniata and other infraspecific botanical taxa are arranged in alphabetical order by cultivar name. We have adopted the classification of W.J. Bean who uses botanical forma for groups of wild-occuring variants, which includes the cutleaf, contorted, weeping and purple groups. Cultivars which belong to two or more groups (ie. weeping and purple) are not assigned one of the formae names.

Fagus crenata - click image
Asiatic Arboretum, Sarah Duke Gardens. Summer 2003. The dark, glossy, and wavy leaf of this species is very appealing. Some plants have very
rich gold fall colors and that is something F. sylvatica is never good at.

Fagus crenata - click image
US National Arboretum. Spring 2003. There is nothing more of a dream for a beech lover than to have their own miniature, desktop grove of
trees. This one has nice maturity and a natural look that is breaktaking. LCH.

Fagus engleriana - click image
Asiatic Arboretum, Sarah Duke Gardens. Summer 2003. This species is everything that F. crenata is not. It is pale, long-leaved and flat-bladed. The leaves can
easily be 4.5 inches long. The pale color comes partly from a faint glaucous coating that imparts a very subtle blueness. It is a rare tree even among the
world's arboreta. It is often a multi-trunked plant so the look is certainly different enough for inclusion where there is enough space for one or two.

Fagus grandifolia - click image
I wanted to put in a good word for our sometimes overlooked American species. With all the fancy columnar, weeping, and colored leaves
available in the genus, Fagus grandifolia and it's var. caroliniana here, due have considerable merits. The example above in North Carolina
(like so many others around the US) exhibits rich orange, gold, and even some red fall colors. There is room perhaps for selection of some
named clones after careful trials. The plants in this photo include a colorful Liquidambar styraciflua (far right), various Pinus taeda, and
a patch of blooming Baccharis halimifolia (lower left). LCH.

Fagus grandifolia var. caroliniana (Loud.) Fern. & Rehd.
lm: teeth more shallow but longer-pointed than northern US var. grandifolia
frt: husks around nuts more prickly than northern variants
geo: southern US states, while var. grandifolia as first known is more northern

Fagus grandifolia var. caroliniana f. mollis Fern. & Rehd.
lm, frt, geo: as the variety
lv: blades very downy pubescent below

Fagus grandifolia var. grandifolia f. pubescens Fern. & Rehd.
lv: blades highly downy pubescent below, much more than most populations
ns: this occurs in the southern variety and is called var. caroliniana f. mollis

Fagus grandifolia 'Shimin' (11/4)
lc: variegated
or: China as garden sport
ns: named for the originator
li: Zhang, D. and M.A. Dirr. 2004. Potential new ornamental plants from China. SNA Res. Conf. 2004: 601-603.

Fagus mexicana - click image
JC Raulston Arboretum. Not so different or impressive really? Of course, if I tell you this picture was taken on December 11, 2004 you might
think again. This rare species is semi-evergreen and at least "more chlorophyll persistant". A Fagus grandifolia just feet away was entirely
bronzed out with the familiar clinging dead, papery leaves. This over-the-border cousin is very rare and you'll not find it in Bean, Jacobson, or
Dirr with this epithet. Fagus grandifolia has traditionally been given as the name of the entity in northeastern Mexico. But when we have a semi-evergreen, wider leaved
entity, then a new major taxon is surely justified. The 2004-2005 RHS PLANT FINDER lists it as subsp. mexicana under the American species as
will some other references. At the risk of appearing politically correct, we think the specific rank is justified at this time. LCH.

Fagus sylvatica - Article
web: Coenosium Gardens (a wonderful article with photos and good history)

Fagus sylvatica 'Albovariegata' (f. albo-variegata (West.) Domin.)
lc: irregular creamy white margin, also blotched or sectored in some variants, fades to greener by summer.
lc: Often reverts. Best effect if pruned regularly to encourage young shoots.
lm: fewer teeth, more sinuate
ns: this is a polyclonal name for various white-mottled or margined variants not part of 'Albomarginata'

Fagus sylvatica 'Albomarginata'
ha: margined white, reversions are common
lw: narrower than species typical
or: Europe c. 1770
li: Gard. Chron. 26: 434 (1899)

Fagus sylvatica f. purpurea (Aiton) Schneid. 'Ansorgei'
gr: slower than species typical
ls: lanceolate
lm: usually entire
lw: 1-2cm
lc: dark brownish-red
or: Ansorge of Hamburg Germany c. 1891 perhaps as cross of f. purpurea x 'Comptoniifolia'

Fagus sylvatica 'Argenteomarmorata'
lc: mottled white, not a very showy plant. New growth is actually green and only later marbled and marked. Flushes of
lc: growth in summer add more color.
or: Spath Nurseries, Germany received as seedling 1886, first sold about 1899

'Asplenifolia' - click image to enlarg
Dawes Arboretum. August 2003. If the cutleaf beeches are new to you: study this photo and the one of 'Laciniata' below.

Fagus sylvatica f. laciniata (Pers.) Domin 'Asplenifolia'
ht: 60-80 ft. in 100 years or more.
ha: pyramidal, but much more finely textured than the species
ls: deeply incised and lobed, sometimes nearly to the midrib. The lobes or incisions are irregular unlike 'Laciniata'
ls: which is quite regular and more shallowly cut. Unlike 'Laciniata' this also produces many linear to lanceolate
ls: leaves inside near the trunk (and from some seedlings). It is extremely variable on some branches but quite
ls: uniform from a distance. One of the tufted, linear-leaved phases is sold under 'Mercedes'.
eval: It is one of the most beautiful of all cultivars and the finest of cutleaf trees.
in: Loddiges Nur. Catalog 1804

Fagus sylvatica f. pendula 'Aurea Pendula'
ha: weeping, typically very narrow and erect as typical 'Pendula'
lc: yellow at first, holding color with a slight bit of shade
or: J.G. van der Bom, Oudenbosch, Holland before 1900

Fagus sylvatica 'Aurea Variegata' ('Foliis Aureis', 'Paul's Gold Margined')
lc: margined golden yellow
li: Gard. Chron. 26: 434 (1899)
in: Lawson Nur., Edinburgh
aw: RHS AM 1902 as 'Paul's Gold Margined'

Fagus sylvatica 'Beth Dwarf'
ha: dwarf, more suitable for smaller gardens
so: Wells Nursery

Fagus sylvatica 'Bicolor Sartini' = 'Sartini'

Fagus sylvatica Striped Group 'Birr Zebra'
lc: green veins with yellowish-green between the veins. The numerous dark veins give a zebra effect.
in: first sold we believe by Endsleigh Nursery, Devon. UK c. 2001
photo, or: Birr Castle, Ireland

Fagus sylvatica f. purpurea (Aiton) Schneid. 'Black Swan'
ht: 5m, slower than 'Pendula'
ha: weeping, upright. Similar to 'Purple Fountain' but wider and more irregular. It is a somewhat
ha: "ugly duckling" in early years but is more lovely and interesting with time.
lc: blackish-red
so: wholesale source (Firma C. Esveld)

Fagus sylvatica f. pendula 'Bornyensis'
ha: highly pendulous, smaller than typical 'Pendula', foliage very dense
or: found at church at Borny, France before 1900, probably obtained from a nearby forest
in: Simon-Louis Freres, France c. 1900

Fagus sylvatica f. purpurea 'Brocklesby'
lc: darker purple, holding color well
ll: larger than most f. purpurea cultivars and seedlings
or: Brocklesby Park, Lincs., England
in: popularized by Spath Nur., Berlin

Fagus sylvatica 'Cochleata'
ht: 15 ft. (70 years) - that's a dwarf!
ha: very dwarf, conical in time,
ls: elliptic, concave below, base very cuneate, wider above the middle
lm: numerous small, pointed teeth or small lobes towards the apex. Krussman states it is also undulate but this he
lm: lumps with 'Undulata'
ll: 3-4 cm - very much smaller
in: Europe c. 1842
li: Loudon. Encyc. Tr. Shrubs p. 1118

Fagus sylvatica 'Cockleshell'
ha: slightly more upright
ls: small, rounded, shell-like, smaller than 'Rotundifolia'
ns: it is distinct from 'Cochleata' despite somewhat similar names and descriptions.
or: Hillier Nur. c. 1960 sport of 'Rotundifolia'

Fagus sylvatica f. laciniata (Pers.) Domin. 'Comptoniifolia'
ha: slower than 'Asplenifolia' in growth rate, hence never as popular.
ls: similar to 'Asplenifolia' but with more linear leaves and others more deeply and finely cut.
so: does not seem to be in the modern trade.
lsp: Dortmund Bot. Gard.
li: Kirschner, Arbor. Muscaviense (1864)

Fagus sylvatica 'Contorta'
ns: a doubtful name, probably an error for f. tortuosa
so: Toole's Bend Nur. 423-531-7773 (phone or FAX)

Fagus sylvatica 'Crarae'
ls: asymetrically ovate and recurved
lb: auriculate and oblique-cuneate
lm: deeply lobed to 1/4 to 1/3 depth
li: Spongberg,S.A.1989.HortScience 24(3): 433
rd: 4 Nov. 1988
or: James M. MacKiloy from plant in Crarae Gardens in Scotland

Fagus sylvatica 'Cristata' ('Crispa')
ha: full-sized but formed off irregular tufts of foliage on the branches, not a uniform outline. Unless well pruned it has
ha: a frightfully ugly look like a lime-green, poodle-trained juniper.
ls: oddly crumpled, crested, twisted, irregularly and coarsely toothed
pet: very short, producing leaves in odd tufts or whorls on the stems.
eval: purely a novelty but a very curious one. It was offered in the US in the 70's by Girard Nurseries OH USA
in: Europe before 1836

Fagus sylvatica f. purpurea 'Cuprea' (Cuprea Group)
lc: copper-purple to bronze-green to purplish-green, varying with individuals. Correctly called "copper beech". It is
lc: never dark purple.
ns: this evidently came from seedlings of f. purpurea that are more bronze or copper in color. They have a different
ns: charm than the purple variants but are nowhere as popular. This is a collective name for the paler, bronze variants

'Dawyck' - click to enlarge
Dawes Arboretum. August 2003. This is one of the larger trees in the US. Note the bases of the curious trees than frame this picture.

Fagus sylvatica 'Dawyck' ('Dawyckii', 'Fastigiata' misapplied)
ht: 82 ft. (original tree 1966); 75 ft. x 9 ft. wide
ha: fastigiate to columnar
or: Lt.-Col. A. Balfour, Dawyck, Peeblesshire, England from his garden. It probably came from a nearby wood.
in: to Kew from originator 1907. Hesse Nur, Germany to trade 1912.
ns: see 'Fastigiata' below

Fagus sylvatica 'Dawyck Gold'
ha: columnar
lc: yellow as in 'Zlatia'
afc: yellow also.
or: Arb. Trompenberg as 'Dawyck' x 'Zlatia' 1968
li: Hoey Smith, J.R.P. van. 1980. The fastigiate copper beech. The Garden
li: (RHS) 105(7): 292-293.

'Dawyck Purple' - click image to enlarge
Dawes Arboretum. August 2003. A young but appealing tree that is dark and charming on a foggy morn.

Fagus sylvatica 'Dawyck Purple'
ha: columnar
lc: purple as in 'Rohanii'
rai: The 'Rohan Minaret' and 'Red Obelisk' may prove superior for color
li: Hoey Smith, J.R.P. van. 1980. The fastigiate copper beech. The Garden
li: (RHS) 105(7): 292-293.
or: Hoey Smith 1968
so: source (Roslyn Nursery)

Fagus sylvatica 'Fastigiata'
ha: columnar to fastigiate
in: Simon-Louis Freres Nur., France before 1873
li: Koch, Dendr. 2(2): 17 (1873)
or: this is a much older clone than 'Dawyck' which is incorrectly sold under this name.

Fagus sylvatica 'Feuerglut' (12/4)
lc: new growth heavily mottled pink at 45-80%, later dark green with pink to red markings and spots, faintly dotted throughout
or: G. Donig, Erlangen, Germany 1989
li: Houtman, R. 2004. Variegated trees and shrubs: the ill. encyclop. Timber Press. p. 135, with color photo

Fagus sylvatica 'Feuermarmor' (12/4)
lc: new growth heavly mottled bright pink to 70%, later dark brownish-brown with far sparser pink markings at 5-20%.
or: G. Donig, Erlangen, Germany 1991
li: Houtman, R. 2004. Variegated trees and shrubs: the ill. encyclop. Timber Press. p. 135-136, with color photo

Fagus sylvatica 'Flagellaris'
so: wholesale source (Firma C. Esveld)

Fagus sylvatica 'Foliis Variegatus'
lc: mottled white and yellow, also streaked with red and purple.
in: Loddiges Nur.
so: does not appear to be in the trade today.

Fagus sylvatica 'Franken' (8/99)
tw: orangish-brown, rather showy in winter
lc: mottled pure white at 35-50%, more heavily than 'Marmorata' but less white than 'Marmor Star'. Older leaves become progressively more green.
or: G. Donig, Erlangen, Germany 1993, seedling of 'Marmorata'
so: Blue Bell Nursery

Fagus sylvatica 'Frisco' (8/01)
ls: irregularly cut and lobed, often deeply to the midrib. Teeth are often rounded but other
ls: leaves are more sharply pointed like 'Laciniata'. There are often leafllet-like lobes.
so: wholesale source (Firma C. Esveld) (online catalog 2001)

Fagus sylvatica 'Frisio'
lc: dark purple
ns: apparently not the same as 'Frisco'(?)
or: Holland

Fagus sylvatica 'Fruticosa'
lsp: Arb. Trompenberg 1998
ns: this Latin name, meaning "shrubby", has no standing.

Fagus sylvatica 'Grandidentata'
ls: coarsely and regularly toothed, never deeply cut as f. laciniata, somewhat concave below. Broadly elliptic
lb: cuneata - narrower
or: Bean suspects it to be a branch sport of 'Asplenifolia'
in: James Booth Nur, Flottbeck, Germany c. 1872. Krussman says 1810 and he is usually right.

Fagus sylvatica 'Greenwood'
ha: open, not casting dense shade, making it acceptable to grow lawns under
ll: smaller than species typical, a finer texture
ls: suborbicular (rounded)
so: Coenosium Gardens
so: Blue Bell Nursery

Fagus sylvatica 'Haven'
ns: a listed name in the RHS PLANT FINDER 1998. It may be a typo for 'Haaren'.

Fagus sylvatica 'Heterophylla' = 'Asplenifolia' in part, also f. laciniata 'Laciniata'
ns: Loudon's use of this name includes the two variants we keep separate today. It is roughly the same as our f. laciniata

Fagus sylvatica 'Interrupta'
lc: green as typical
ls: interrupted or deeply divided leaves so as to appear nearly compound
or: Hoey Smith 1955 as 'Rohanii' seedling
ns: This Latinized name has been rightfully questioned but it was published
ns: in 1955 and thus is within the 1959 limit. The same is probably not true for 'Interrupta Purpurea'
li: Hoey Smith, J.R.P. van. 1955. Deutsche Baumschule 7: 265, fig. 154.
li: Hoey Smith, J.R.P. van. 1980. The fastigiate copper beech. The Garden
li: (RHS) 105(7): 292-293.
li: Int. Dendrol. Soc. Year. 1989: 112

Fagus sylvatica f. purpurea (Aiton) Schneid. 'Interrupta Purpurea'
lc: purple
ls: interrupted or deeply divided leaves, often split into 2-3 sections
or: Arboretum Trompenberg as 'Rohanii' seedlings.
ns: it is currently unclear if this name was published earlier (before 1959) that would allow a Latin name to be
ns: used.
li: Meyer, F.G. 1963. Plant Explor. ARS 32-34, 111.
li: Int. Dendrol. Soc. Year. 1989: 112

Fagus sylvatica 'Kleins Copper' (11/4)
lc: rich copper bronze, a particularly good shade for cloning
or: Yew Dell Arboretum, Crestwood, KY USA before 2003
ns: named for Theodore Klein, founder of the Yew Dell gardens

'Laciniata' - click image to enlarge
Dawes Arboretum. August 2003. Note the lack of linear or lanceolate leaves are the shoot types as found in 'Asplenifolia'

Fagus sylvatica f. laciniata (Pers.) Domin 'Laciniata'
ls: regularly incised or lobed, less deeply cut than 'Asplenifolia' (less than 1/3 to 1/2 deep), rarely with linear-leaved shoots
ns: the botanical form groups all the cut-leaves beeches. The cultivar name is for the popular clone of the same origin as
ns: stated below.
or: Tetschen estate near Bohemia and Saxony c. 1792 from a plant in the hedgerow. Krussman says 1895.

Fagus sylvatica f. latifolia Kirsch. (var. macrophyulla Dipp.)
ll: to 15cm - much larger or at least wider than species typical, not a notable variation for gardens
lw: 9-12cm
lt: thicker, tougher blades
or: Germany c. 1864 possibly from F. moesiaca as it seems to be an intermeidate.

Fagus sylvatica f. latifolia 'Latifolia Purpurea'
ns: probably the same as f. purpurea 'Purpurea Latifolia'?
so: wholesale source (Firma C. Esveld) (online catalog 2002)

Fagus sylvatica 'Long Red'
ns: a listed name, reportedly for a clone with a long red blade.
so: Plantago.nl

Fagus sylvatica 'Luteovariegata'
ha; more vigorous than 'Albovariegata'
lc: margined, mottled, or sectored yellow. Mostly margined, it also has some sectors into the main green center.
ns: 'Aurea Variegata' is a specific clone of this type. This name represents a group according to Bean.
or: England c. 1770

Fagus sylvatica 'Marmor Star' (12/4)
lc: mottled pure white at 50-75% of surface, much more 'Marmorata'. Lacks pinkish tints of 'Franken'. Looks greyish from a distance
la: apiculate
or: G. Donig, Germany 1992 as seedling of 'Mamorata'
eval: this is a true breakthrough in variegated cultivars, given a high chimera and a breathtaking pattern
li: Houtman, R. 2004. Variegated trees and shrubs: the ill. encyclop. Timber Press. p. 135-136, with color photo

Fagus sylvatica 'Marmorata'
lc: darked with faint cream to white spots in new growth, never bold.
id: it is considered more faintly and finer mottled than 'Albomarmorata'
eval: seedlings of it including 'Marmor Star' and 'Franken' have more chimera and are much showier.
or: Germany 1903

Fagus sylvatica 'Mercedes'
ht: 1.5m tall x 1.0m wide
ha: dense, dwarf, very fine-textured, shrubby for many years.
lc: bright light green
ls: narrowly linear with lightly cut margins. New growth often thread-like. This leaf shape
ls: appears in 'Asplenifolia' as watersprouts or in it's seedlings.
photo, wholesale source: wholesale source (Firma C. Esveld)

Fagus sylvatica f. pendula 'Miltoniensis'
ha: weeping, having a leader and other branches distinctly bent downward, trailing limbs to the ground
bk: most plants under this name has less smooth bark, having irregular broken patches.
ns: not all plants under this name are the true, original clone.
or: Milton Park, Northhamptonshire, England before 1837. In the trade around 1899.

Fagus sylvatica 'Marmostar' ('Marmor Star')
lsp: Arb. Trompenberg since 1999
so: wholesale source (Firma C. Esveld) (online catalog 2001)

Fagus sylvatica Striped Group 'Oudenbosch' (12/4)
lc: intervenal areas yellowish much like 'Birr Zebra' and likely a parallel mutation
or: found as seedling in Oudenbosch, Netherlands
in: Arboretum Oudenbosch, Netherlands 1995
li: Houtman, R. 2004. Variegated trees and shrubs: the ill. encyclop. Timber Press. p. 136, with color photo

Fagus sylvatica f. pendula 'Pagnyensis'
ha: weeping, more umbrella-shaped than ordinary 'Pendula' of gardens, requiring high understock to give it height.
or: found near Pagny, France
in: Simon-Louis Freres, France

Fagus sylvatica 'Parkanaur'
ha: 'parasol-shaped' with older limbs contorted
ht: 3m in about 160 years
wd: 7.3m in about 160 years
ll: 'smaller'
or: original tree occurs in Parkanaur Dungannon in Co. Tyrone N. Ireland
rd: 3 March 1986 by H.S. Crosbie Cochrane of N. Ireland
li: Elwes, H.J. and A. Henry. 1906. Trees of Great Britian and Ireland.
li: 16-17. (without name).
li: Spongberg, S.A. 1988. Cultivar registration at the Arnold Arboretum
li: HortScience 23(3): 456.

Fagus sylvatica 'Parvophylla'
ns: a listed name, presumably have smaller leaves(?).

'Pendula' - an old photograph of the huge plant formerly in Flushing, Queens NY

'Pendula' - click to enlarge
You're cruising through the dense, dark, winding mountains of Virginia. You do not expect to come upon dormatories made of stone with not one
but three large weeping beech outside them. Such is a fascinating campus at Virginia Tech University in Blacksburg. Besides the famous football
team their horticultural team is remarkable and inspiring.

Fagus sylvatica f. pendula (Loud.) Schelle 'Pendula'
ha: weeping, varying from tall and erect to spreading and mushroom-shaped in the form. The typical 'Pendula' clone of
ha: gardens is somewhat horizontal, wider than tall, forming a tent of branches 50-100 ft. wide in many years.
or: Loddiges Nursery 1800's for 'Pendula' of gardens today
ns: the botanical form is a useful name since many weeping forms appear in the wild, about a dozen having been
ns: propagated or named to date. 'Pendula' is used for the wide-spreading, tent-like clone from Loddiges.

Fagus sylvatica 'Prince George of Crete'
ll: larger than typical and often 5-7 in. long and 5 in. wide
so: Coenosium Gardens 503-266-5471

Fagus sylvatica 'Purple Fountain'
ha: weeping, more erect than 'Purpurea Pendula', fountain-like as the name implies.
in: Grootendorst 1975 as seedling of 'Purpurea Pendula'
lc: slightly less dark than 'Purpurea Pendula'
so: Fall 1998 catalog - source (Wayside Gardens)
so: source (Roslyn Nursery)

Fagus sylvatica f. purpurea (Aiton) Schneid - click image
Biltmore Estate Gardens, Asheville, NC. It is rare to find a century old purple beech in the southeastern US. There are countless hundreds
of old ones in northern US states with Boston, Rochester, and Philadelphia being especially loaded.

Fagus sylvatica f. purpurea (Aiton) Schneid ('Atropurpurea', 'Atropunicea', Atropurpurea Group)
lc: bronze-green to very dark blackish-purple, varying with the seedlings, new growth often more red than purple. Most
lc: the variant turn greener by some and those of the 'Cuprea' sort are a pale bronze or copper shade with much green.
id: 'Cuprea' is a name used collectively for the more bronze or copper seedlings.
or: as Bean points out this is not an entity of garden origin, so use of the botanical form is justified. It has appeared
or: many places and at many times in history. Reports date to as early as 1680. Bean says most stock in Europe is
or: said to come from a tree in Hanleiter Forest in Thuringia. It came to Britain about 1760
ns: the RHS use of the name Atropurpurea Group seems unwarranted since this is clearly not a cultigenic taxon. The
ns: old name of 'Atropunicea' is sometimes seen. It is not valid since it is based on Weston's name of 1710 and it was
ns: allied to F. grandifolia in error.

Fagus sylvatica f. purpurea 'Purpurea Latifolia'
lc: purple
lw: wider blade than typical f. purpurea.

Fagus sylvatica f. purpurea 'Purpurea Nana'
ht: 10 ft. tall x 6 ft. wide (40 years, Arb. Trompenberg)
ha: dwarf, compact
lc: purple

Fagus sylvatica f. purpurea 'Purpurea Pendula' ('Purpurea Pendula Nana')
ht: 10-15 ft. tall in many years
ha: weeping to form mushroom-like dome in many years, never erect as 'Purple Fountain'
lc: purple as in 'Riversii' or other good clones
gr: rather slow compared to 'Purple Fountain'
rai: 'Purple Fountain' is faster and perhaps more erect
ns: Bean says that 'Purpurea Pendula Nana' could prove to be the older name.

'Purpurea Tricolor' - click to enlarge
Dawes Arboretum. August 2003. Whether backlit or frontlit, this cultivar has a rosey border than just looks smashing on a sunny day.

Fagus sylvatica f. purpurea 'Purpurea Tricolor' ('Tricolor' misapplied)
lc: medium purple margined pink becoming margined pinkish-white. It has a lovely set of colors when viewed from below
lc: with sunlight allowed to pass through the canopy. Must be viewed up close for best effect.
lw: slightly narrower than species typical
in: Transon's Nursery, Orleans c. 1885, perhaps sold elsewhere.

Fagus sylvatica 'Red Obelisk'
ha: columnar as in 'Fastigiata'
lc: red to reddish purple
ls: slightly cut as in 'Rohanii'
so: source (Roslyn Nursery)

Fagus sylvatica f. pendula 'Retroflexa'
ha: weeping, more umbrella-shaped than ordinary 'Pendula', similar to 'Pagnyensis'
in: Simon-Louis Freres, France

Fagus sylvatica f. purpurea 'Riversii'
lc: rich purple, holding color longer into summer than the basic form.
eval: for many decades this was "the" purple beech cultivar to grow for best color. Today some others like 'Swat Magret'
eval: are preferred.
or: Rivers Nursery, Sawbridgeworth, England 1870's

Fagus sylvatica 'Rolf Marquardt' ('Rolph Marquardt')
lc: light green to yellowish-green, heavily striped and mottled white, cream, and yellow. It has yellow that 'Mamorata' lacks
or: G. Donig, Germany 1992 as 'Marmorata' seedling.
so: wholesale source (Firma C. Esveld) (online catalog 2002, as 'Rolph Maequart'
li: Houtman, R. 2004. Variegated trees and shrubs: the ill. encyclop. Timber Press. p. 137, with color photo

Fagus sylvatica 'Quercina'
ha: 40 ft. (40 years) - smaller
ls: oak-like, shallowly lobed much like a green version of 'Rohanii'
or: Czechoslovakia 1888

Fagus sylvatica f. quercoides (Pers.) Domin.
bk: oak-like, having distinct patterns or plates of bark
geo: occurs in the wild
or: first noticed by Persoon in the woods in Gottingen, Germany. Originally considered be a hybrid to oak trees!
ns: must not be confused with f. quercifolia which has oak-like leaves and is the same as f. laciniata

Fagus sylvatica 'Red Obelisk' ('Rohan Obelisk')
ha: columnar as 'Dawyck'
lc: purplish-red
ls: most leaves undulating, shallowly lobed as 'Rohanii', others not cut or lobed at all/.
or: Arb. Trompenberg

Fagus sylvatica f. pendula 'Remillyensis'
ht: 36 ft. (Kew Gardens c. 90 years old)
ha: weeping, somewhat contorted, dome or mushroom-shaped with age, never erect as typical 'Pendula'
in: Simon-Louis Freres, France before 1873

'Rohanii' - click to enlarge
Chadwick Arboretum, Ohio State University. August 2003. This undulate and lightly lobed beech is darker and more purple in spring.

Fagus sylvatica f. purpurea 'Rohanii'
lc: brownish-purple
ls: irregularly incised or serrated as f. laciniata but more shallow and with rounded teeth unlike most of its variants.
ls:Tthe blades usually have a nice undulation or wave to them.
or: Prince Camille de Rohan estate, Sychrov, Czechoslovakia from seedlings sown 1888. It is probably an accidental
or: cross of 'Brocklesby' and f. laciniata found on the grounds.
in: V. Masek c. 1908 to trade
eval: 'Rohan Trompenberg' holds the color better and should replace it.

Fagus sylvatica 'Rohan Gold'
lc: bright yellow as 'Zlatia' becoming typical green
lm: cut to serrate or lobed
or: Arb. Trompenberg

Fagus sylvatica 'Rohan Grandid'
lsp: Arb. Trompenberg 1978, apparently for a hybrid of 'Grandidentata'

Fagus sylvatica 'Rohan Minaret' ('Rohanii' x 'Dawyckii')
ha: columnar and perhaps narrower than 'Red Obelisk'
ls: cut as 'Rohanii' but more consistant than 'Red Obelisk'
lc: purple
hp: reverse cross of 'Red Obelisk' but identical parent cultivars
li: Int. Dendrol. Soc. Year. 1989: 112

Fagus sylvatica 'Rohan Obelisk' = 'Red Obelisk'

Fagus sylvatica 'Rohan Pyramid' ('Rohan Pyramidalis')
ns: a listed name for a 'Rohanii' hybrid with pyramidal form.

Fagus sylvatica 'Rohan Trompenburg'
lc: darker purple red than 'Rohanii' , not fading as much by summer.
lm: nicely cut
ls: longer pointed than 'Rohanii'
rai: better color and leaf shape than 'Rohanii'
li: Int. Dendrol. Soc. Year. 1989: 112
so: Coenosium Gardens 503-266-5471

Fagus sylvatica 'Rohan XXX'
ns: a listed name, presumably a provisional entity.

Fagus sylvatica 'Roseomarginata'
lc: margined rose-pink becoming margined paler pinkish-white, base color purple.
id: it is sometimes considered a synonym of 'Purpurea Tricolor' and as a result many plants under this name
id: are of that clone. Historically it is a separate entity.
in: Cripps Nur. c. 1888

'Rotundifolia' - click to enlarge
Dawes Arboretum. August 2003. This lightly chewed beauthy is made of thousands of green coins. It has a finer foliage look.

'Rotundifolia' - click to enlarge
Dawes Arboretum. August 2003. This second shot illustrates the more upright, ovoid habit

Fagus sylvatica 'Rotundifolia'
ht: more ascending than species typical, typical broadly oval to more narrowly pyramidal.
ls: orbicular to suborbicular, having the look of green coins, giving a finer texture. Usually 4 veins pairs - much fewer.
ll: 0.5-1.25 in. long - much smaller
or: found near St. Johns, Woking, England before 1872
in: Jackman Nur. to trade 1894

Fagus sylvatica 'Sartini' ('Bicolor Sartini' as Latin is invalid)
lc:margined yellowish-green to green.It has no purple pigments as the parent.
lt: blades often rugose, giving much texture
lw: slightly narrower than 'Luteovariegata'
or: Sartini Nursery, Piatto, Italy introduced 1995, sport of 'Purpurea Tricolor'

Fagus sylvatica 'Silberthaler' (12/4)
lc: broadly and irregularly margined white, more so than most marginate cultivars, easily 25-35% of surface, often with
lc: large white sectors intruding to the midrib, the dark green central zone often divided into distinct zones or lobes. It reverts easily.
or: G. Eschrich, Recklinghausen, Germany 1993
li: Houtman, R. 2004. Variegated trees and shrubs: the ill. encyclop. Timber Press. p. 137, with color photo

Fagus sylvatica 'Silverwood'
lc: thinny and irregularly margined cream becoming white, chimera mostly 2-5mm deep with some deeper sectors but these rarely
lc: touching the midrib. Surface of the chimera is barely 10-20% compared to wider margined clones such as 'Silberthaler' and 'Albomarginata'.
or: B. Bomer, Zundert, Netherlands, introduced 1986
so: wholesale source (Firma C. Esveld)
li: Houtman, R. 2004. Variegated trees and shrubs: the ill. encyclop. Timber Press. p. 137, with color photo

Fagus sylvatica 'Spa'
so: wholesale source (Firma C. Esveld) (online catalog 2002)

Fagus sylvatica f. purpurea 'Spaethiana'
lc: dark purple, retaining color into the summer.
or: Spath Nurseries, Germany

Fagus sylvatica Striped Group 'Striata'
lc: striped and veined yellowish-green to light green, often in a radiating pattern, not popular nor very showy.
in, or: Germany c. 1851. Sold by Spath in 1892 but their source is unrecorded. See Striped Group below.

Fagus sylvatica Striped Group
lc: areas between secondary veins (off the midrib) whitish, cream, or yellow, varying with the mutation or clone
id: clones 'Birr Zebra', 'Oudenbosch', and 'Striata' are known. Houtman mentions that a sport occured in 1850 in
id: Czech Republic of similar striping. It was apparently not named unless it traces to 'Striata' known n Germany in 1851.

Fagus sylvatica f. purpurea 'Swat Magret'
lc: very dark purple, sometimes blackish, holding color most of the summer.
or: Timms & Co, Germany

Fagus sylvatica 'Tricolor' ('Roseomarginata'?)
lc: pink margins becoming whiter, base color green not purple as in 'Purpurea Tricolor'. Can burn badly in bright sun.
ns: plants under this name are often 'Purpurea Tricolor'
eval: the colors of 'Purpurea Tricolor' are much more pleasant
in: Simon-Louis Freres, France

Fagus sylvatica 'Undulata'
ls: undulate, concave, apparently very similar to 'Cochleata'
in: Simon-Louis Freres Nursery, France 1800's

Fagus sylvatica f. tortuosa (Pepin) Hegi ('Tortuosa', 'Contorta'?, f. conglomerata)
ha: contorted, twisted branches, usually wider than tall, but varying with the selection. It is usually a spreading shrub
ha: at first, later dome-shaped. There are intermediates to weeping forms ('Remillyensis') but this name is used for those
ha: without very distinctly drooping limbs. Tips may droop but not the entire limb.
or: found in the wild many times and places in France, Denmark, Sweden, and Germany. The stock in the US almost
or: certainly derives from the notable trees at the Arnold Arboretum.

Fagus sylvatica f. tortuosa 'Suentelensis'
ha: semi-dwarf, highly contorted and twisted, having a very picturesque dense crown
lc: red
ns: apparently different from f. tortuosa 'Tortuosa Purpurea' but this is not confirmed.
photo, history: Suentel website

Fagus sylvatica f. tortuosa 'Tortuosa Purpurea'
ha: twisted limbs as in 'Tortuosa'
lc: red to purple
ns: Latin name is probably not valid?

Fagus sylvatica 'Viridivariegata'
lc: mottled lighter green to yellowish-green, not a pretty or regular chimera though covering up to 50%. It is strictly for
lc: collectors as a full dozen other variegated clones are more showy and bright.
or: Lombarts Nurseries, Zundert, Netherlands 1935

Fagus sylvatica 'Zlatia'
ha: slower than species typical, a smaller tree.
lc: yellow at first, becoming yellow-green than finally green. It is not a golden shade ever.
or: found near Vranje, Serbia
in: Spath Nurseries, Germany c. 1890
ns: the name is based on the Serbian word "zlato" for gold.
lu: one acheives a nice effect interplanting this with purple and green-leaved beech cultivars.